Furnace wall construction



May 15, 1951 E. c. WITZKE 2,552,330

FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 6, 1948 I 2 Sheets-Sheet l ilHiB 1Fig.4

: Willi H INVENTOR /2 Ernest G. Wiizke KMZ- -AMW m ATTORNEY May 15, 1951E. c WITZKE 2,552,830

FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 6, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

INVENTOR' Ernest C. Wit ke:

l2 5 Kw! it.

ATTORNEY Patented May 15, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FURNACE :lISTRUCTlON rnesne assignments, to Gombustionllngineermg-Superheater,-Inc., a. corporation of Delaware Application August 6, 194s, seria 1No.42,944 5 Claims. (01. i22-23'5) This invention "relates to furnace wallsand -'r'nore particularly to the construction of water cooled furnacewalls adapted for use -with. steam generators.

My invention is particularly designed to. keep all 'df the steamgenerating tubes lining the ins' e surfaces of furnace walls inpredetermined "alignment and insure adefinite directionof expansion ofthefurnace walls with respect to each other. Furthermore my constructionis. particularlyhew and useful in the erection of the furnaceiwall tubesin that the wall tubes and their 'stifiening means do not requireaccurate prealignment before assembling them, thereby incurring asubstantial saving in the time and cost of erection.

It is accordingly'one object of my invention to provide novel furnacewall construction which will sup ort thefurnace wall tubes in spacedalignment while permitting definite directional expansion resulting fromchanges in temperature.

ItIisa furtherobject of the invention to providea novel f urnace wallconstruction which can be erected in a simple expeditious manner and "ata relatively low cost.

With these and other objects in view as will be a parent to thoseskilled in the art, the invention r'esides in the combination. of partsset forth the specification and covered by the-claims appended hereto.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 a sectionsthrough -the-cornerof two adjacent walls of a watercooled furnace taken "ontheli'ne I--I of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary 'section taken on the line l -+2 of Fig. 1.

Fig; 8 is a fragmentary section taken. on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. dis adiagr'aniinatic'plan section of wall support showing anchorpoint I2" controlling horizontal expansion of buckstay I5.

The-embodimentillustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 mprises-rows ofclosel y spacedvertical water tubes '-I{=and 2 lining the-innerwalls of the furnace 3.These tubes are connected at their lower and upper ends into headers I(not shown) which in turn are connected by tubes (not shown) into thecirculation or the boiler in a well known fn'anner. The tubes I-arearranged in alignment adjacent the walls while the tubes 2 are cornertubes and p'ro'vid'e a conti'nuity of water cooled surface within the@rurnace.

Each of 'the tubes -I and 2 provided with 'a rauialiy projecting-plate 34 or 5 welded thereto aitspace'd-iiitervals longitudinally of the'tubeand on the side of the tuberemote'from -thefurnace interior. The'platesfi3, 4-and 5 arearrangedso 'that'one of 'their edges, in thisinstance their top edges, lie substantially in a plane normalto thetube. Each plate 3, 4 and 5 is provided with a slot 6 (see Figs. 2-3)adjacent its top'edge and the tube for the reception of the flange of anangle 1. The slots 6 of all of the plates 3, 4 and '5 are in substantialalignment. Some of the :plates "4 and 5 extend out from thetubea-greater distance than thexremaining plates 3 for reasons to bedescribed below.

"One flange 'of the angles 1 is supported by or adjacent the top edgesof the plates 3, 4 and 5 while the other leg extends into the slot 6 ofthe plates adjacent the tubes I and 2. The angles Textend for the fullWidth of the-furnace wall and ineet the angles 1 of the adjacent wall atthe corners of the furnace. The-angles I provide-a means for maintainingall of the tubes in alignment and after erection. are welded to theplates 3, 4 and 5 at their contact withtheedges of the slot 6. In thismanner the angles 1 in conjunctionwith plates 3, 4 --and '5 not onlymaintain alignmentxof the tubes ina wall but also serve to maintain acontinuity of support for all the aligned tubes and serve as well as tomaintain. the spacing of the tubes. By'so supporting the tubes, theangles 1 supplement the main support ofthe tubes from the header.

The angles 1 of adjacent walls meet withtheir to'p surfaces in the sameplane and are provided with a joining plate 8 fastened to their top sur-.face as by welding. An inside clip angle 9 fastens the vertical flangesof these anglestogether as'by means of rivets or bolts. There isprovided at the outer edges of said joining plate 8 a corner angle I-flnormal to said plate and fastened thereto as by welding, A diagonal ribaids in stiffening the corner-structure formed by plate 8 and-angle ID.The topof said angle I 0 isflush with the bottom ofsaid plate 8. Thecombination of angles land 10 and the corner plates 8 thus forms a fixedstructure surrounding the entirefurnace at a predetermined locationadjacent the tubes I and 2.

"Asmentioned abovecertainof the plates 4 and "firexte'nd from the tubesI and 2 for a greater distance than the remaining plates 3. Such platesare shown in Figures 2 and 3; Fig. 3 show- "ing-the plate extending-fromthe corner tubes 2. Theedges of thee longerplates' i and 5 remote fromthe tubes I and'2 are in substantial alignment-an'd serve tocarry thebucksta'ys II, in this instance in the for-m of an H beam, surroundingwelding. The buckstays I I are then free to move with respect to thestructure supporting tubes by sliding in the slots I4 within the clipsI2 and I3.

The ends of the buckstays at the corners of a furnace are not fastenedtogether but are free to move, thereby accommodating the difference ofexpansion between the walls and the buckstays The top clips I3,adjacent-the corners of the clips I2 just below the clips I3 (again seeFig. 3)

have their slots I4 of sufficient width to accommodate the bottomportion of corner angle In and the flange I5 of the H beam I I.

To protect'the angle I from the radiant heat of the furnace which heatmay pass between the gaps provided between tubes I and tubes I and 2,I'preferably provide fillers I6, such as rods, which are welded to atleast one of the adjacent tubes and may extend only for a small distancebeyond the angle I.

In constructing this wall support, the tubes I, 2 will first be erected,being supported by the headers (not shown) in a well known manner. Thesetubes have previously provided in the shop with the plates 3, 4 and 5which extend outwardly therefrom and are all in substantial alignmenttransversely of the tubes. Then the angles I are placed into the slots 6of the plates 3, 4 and '5 thereby aligning the tubes, and the ends ofthe angles of adjacent walls are aligned and fastened to the cornerplates 8. The tubes are now properly spaced apart and the angles I arethen welded to the plates 3, 4 and 5. Fillers It may now be tackedwelded to the tubes.

Preferablythe bottom clips I2 are now aligned with respect to theirslots [4 and welded to the plates 3, 4 and 5 so as to provide a supportfor the flanges I5' of buckstays II. After the buckstays I I have beenbrought into place, the upper clips I2 and I3 are mounted on the flangesI5 and welded to the plates 3, 4 and 5.

In Fig. 2 is shown by way of example, a fragment of one form of wallconstruction I! extending between the tubes I outwardly to a parallelplane passing through the inner face of the flange I5 of buckstay'II. Itcomprises an inner heat resisting refractory I8 adjacent the tubes I,backed by insulation I9 and covered on the outside by a plastic coating20. A reinforcing 2|, such as" expanded metal lath, holds the layers ofrefractory, insulation or plastic in position. Such a construction mayextend around all of the walls of the furnace and the angles I andplates '3, 4 and 5 are buried therein so that no air or gas leakagepasses through the wall.

Any tendency of the tubes to misalign is prevented by the angles I andany pressure tending to bow the Wallis also resisted by the angles I andis further resisted by the reinforcing buckstays II since these two areheld in spaced apart relation by the plates '4 and 5 and the associatedclips I2 and I3. Furthermore the corner construction comprising theplates "8 and the angles I0 welded thereto'm'aintains the furnace shapeby their welded union with the adjacent wall angles I and theirretention of the buckstays II by means'of the welded on clips I3.

To prevent longitudinal misplacement of buckstay II with respect to theremaining wall structure, it may be welded to a certain clip I2,preferably located at the middle of the buckstay or wall (as showndiagrammatically by Fig. 4). Said clip will then serve as :an anchorpoint from which the buckstay may moveineither direction.

By my novel combination of parts set forth above, I provide a furnacewall construction which can be erected in a simple expeditious mannerand at a relatively low cost. Nor does it require accurate alignment ofshop attachments to the tubes as minor errors and inaccuracies can becompensated for on erection without extra field work. There is no fieldwelding to the tubes thus eliminating the possibility of injuring tubetion has been shown and described, it will be understood that changes inconstruction, combination and arrangement of parts may be made without.departing from the spirit and scope of the inventionasclaimed. 1

What I claim is:

1. A plastic furnace wall comprising an inner row of water tubes, anouter layer of plastic refractory material, aligned in a row thatextends transversely across said water tubes, each of said plates be.-ing fastened to its individual tube in a position longitudinal of theaxis of said tube, and extending outwardly therefrom, each of saidplates being provided with a slot extending substantially parallel toand at a predetermined dis,- tance from the tubes, and an angle iron oneleg of which extends into said slots for engagement with said platesthereby aligning and spacing all of the tubes in the row, said tubesplates and angles being embedded in said r fraotory material layer andforming a unitary wall structure;

2. Plastic furnace walls each comprising an inner row of water tubes, anouter layer of plastic refractory material, a multiplicity of platesaligned in a row that extends transversely across said water tubes, eachof said plates being fastened to its individual tube in a positionlongitudinal of theaxis of said tube and ex.- tendingoutwardlytherefrbm,each of said plates being provided with a slot extending substan tiallyparallel to and at a predetermined distance from the tubes, ananglte.iron one leg of which extends into said slots for engagement with saidplates thereby: aligning and spacing all of the tubes inthe' row, theother legs of said angle irons of adjoining walls being in the sameplane, and a corner plate welded toeach of said angle irons, said tubes,plates, angle irons and corner plates being embedded in said plasticrefractory layer and forming a unitary wall structure.

3. A plastic furnace wall comprising an. inner row of Water'tubes, anouter layer of a plastic refractory material,- a multiplicity of platesaligned in a row that extends transversely across said water tubes, eachof said plates be;- ing' fastened to its individual tube in a positionlongitudinal of the axis of said tube, and ex:- tending outwardlytherefrom, each of said plates being provided with a slot extendingsubstan: tially parallel to andat a predetermined dis; tance from thetubes, an angle iron one leg of which extends into said 'slots forengagement with 'said'plates thereby aligning and spacing allofthe-tubes in thejrow, said tubes, plates a multiplicity of plates andangles being embedded in said plastic refractory layer and forming aunitary wall structure, some of said plates extending outwardly forsubstantially the same distance from certain of said tubes and furtherthan the remaining plates, a buckstay extending transversely of thetubes adjacent the outer edges of said farther extending plates andhaving a flange substantially parallel to said edges, and clips providedwith slots loosely fitting over the edge of said flange and welded tosaid farther extending plates thereby providing freedom for longitudinalexpansion of said inner Wall structure with respect to said buckstay.

4. A plastic furnace wall comprising an inner row of water tubes, anouter layer of plastic refractory material, a multiplicity of platesaligned in a row that extends transversely across said water tubes, eachof said plates being fastened to its individual tube in a positionlongitudinal of the axis of said tube and extending outwardly therefrom,each of said plates being provided with a slot extending substantiallyparallel to and at a predetermined distance from the tubes, an angleiron one leg of which extends into said slots for engagement with saidplates thereby aligning and spacing all of the tubes in the row, saidtubes, plates and angles being embedded in said plastic refractory layerand forming a unitary wall structure, some of said plates extendingoutwardly for substantially the same distance from certain of said tubesand further than the remaining plates, a buckstay extending transverselyof the tubes adjacent the outer edges of said farther extending platesand having top and bottom flanges substantially parallel to said edges,and top and bottom clips provided with slots loosely fitting over theedges of said flanges and welded to said farther extending platesthereby supporting said buckstay from said wall structure and providingfreedom for longitudinal expansion of said inner wall structure withrespect to said buckstay.

5. A plastic furnace wall comprising an inner row of water tubes, anouter layer of plastic refractory material, a multiplicity of platesaligned in a row that extends transversely across said water tubes, eachof said plates being fastened to its individual-tube in a positionlongitudinal of the axis of said tube and extending outwardly therefrom,each of said plates being provided with a slot extending substantiallyparallel to and at a predetermined distance from the tubes, an angleiron one leg of which extends into said slots for engagement with saidplates thereby aligning and spacing all of the tubes in the row, saidtubes, plates and angles being embedded in said plastic refractory layerand forming a unitary Wall structure, some of said plates extendingoutwardly for substantially the same distance from certain of said tubesand further than the remaining plates, a buckstay extending transverselyof the tubes adjacent the outer edges of said farther extending platesand having top and bottom flanges substantially parallel to said edges,top and bottom clips provided with slots loosely fitting over the edgesof said flanges and welded to said farther extending plates therebysupporting said buckstay from said wall structure and providing freedomfor longitudinal. expansion of said inner wall structure with respect tosaid buckstay, and anchoring means for said buckstay comprising certainclips Welded to said buckstay from which the buckstay may expand.

ERNEST C. WITZKE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,717,751 Baker June 18, 19291,856,036 Bennett Apr. 26, 1932 1,858,489 Foltz May 17, 1932 1,880,187Drake Sept. 2'7, 1932 1,890,170 Van Brunt Dec. 6, 1932 1,900,443 HarterMar. 7, 1933 1,904,189 Bailey et al Apr. 18, 1933 1,970,585 Toomey Aug.21, 1934 2,061,404 Kerr Nov. 17, 1936 2,305,611 Frisch Dec. 22*, 1942FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 294,202 Great Britain Sept. 12, 1929342,188 Italy July 24, 1936

